Bellringer – 9/9/15
•
What Enlightenment
philosopher influenced the
Declaration of Independence
with his ideas of “natural
rights”?
Influences on American
Government
Mr. Perkins
Fall 2015
Essential Question
•
Why do people create,
structure, and change
governments?
Chapter 2, Lesson 1 Terms
•
Democracy
•
Direct Democracy
•
Representative Democracy
•
Republic
•
Limited Government
•
Legislature
•
Social Contract
•
Natural Right
•
Document
•
Compact
America’s Government
•
The United States has one
of the most complex
governments in the world
•
Many civilizations, people,
and documents have
influenced U.S. government
•
It was a government
thousands of years in the
making
Judeo-Christian Beliefs
•
Judaism/Christianity
teaches equality
before the law
–
Basic concept of
democracy
Ancient Greece
•
First example of democracy
•
Free, land owning men
were citizens
–
Had to be 18
•
Voting system
–
Any citizen could speak on
important matters
–
Citizens made up council of
500 people
–
Direct democracy
•
Voting time!
Why Wouldn’t Direct Democracy
Work?
•
The city-state of Athens was small
•
Number of free citizens was even smaller
•
Why wouldn’t this type of government work in
the U.S.?
Ancient Rome
•
Created same time as Athens’
democracy
•
Rome had a king before 509 B.C.
–
King was overthrown
–
Replaced with a senate
–
Members, called patricians, were
chosen from wealthy citizens
–
Patricians chose two members,
called consuls, to lead
•
Voting time!
•
The outcome of Rome’s republic
Early England
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ca_kI948JUA
•
Roman Empire collapsed
–
Kings began to rule Europe (absolute monarch)
–
People began to resist the kings
•
King was forced to sign a
document
called the Magna Carta
(
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XTWQzF1027I
)
(
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_5My8XH-n0
) which limited
king’s power (limited monarchy)
–
Representatives of the people started to have a say in
government, also known as Parliament or the first
legislature
Enlightenment Thinkers
•
European thinkers believed
laws of the world could be
determined through
human reason
–
Apply the laws of nature to
humans
–
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=dKlp7n8B-AM
&
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=CP8k_f3PFq8
(how to learn
Enlightenment thinkers)
Niccolo Machiavelli
The Prince
Thomas Hobbes
Leviathan
& the Social Contract
John Locke
Natural Rights
•
Life
•
Liberty
•
Pursuit of Property
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Popular Sovereignty
Montesquieu
Separation of Powers
Voltaire
Freedom of religion, thought, and trade
Thomas Paine
•
https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=usvl
OOkjHII&feature=sh
are
(Part 1)
•
https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=kcbg
b4GHe2Y
(Part 2)
Common Sense