Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 1 of 21
Objectives
Explain how mental disorders are recognized.
Identify four causes of mental disorders.
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Describe five types of anxiety disorders andfour other types of mental disorders.
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 2 of 21
For each of your responses, explain why you gave theanswer you did.
Quick Quiz Which of the following statements are always true?Which are sometimes true? Which are always false?
It is easy to identify a person with a mental disorder.
Mental disorders are caused by emotional problems.
Mental disorders affect a person’s ability to function.
People who have a mental disorder are dangerous.
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 3 of 21
A mental disorder is an illness that affects the mindand reduces a person’s ability to function, to adjust tochange, or to get along with others.
What are Mental Disorders?
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 4 of 21
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 5 of 21
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 6 of 21
•Physical Factors Damage to the brain may cause amental disorder.
Causes of Mental Disorders
•Heredity A person may inherit a tendency toward amental disorder.
•Early Experiences Extremely negative experiences thatoccur early in life can lead to mental illness.
•Recent Experiences Some mental health expertsthink that recent experiences are more likely thanearly experiences to trigger a mental disorder.
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 7 of 21
•A person with this disorder displays intense worry,fears, or anxiety most days for at least six months.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
•Anxiety that is related to a specific situation or objectis called a phobia.
Phobias
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 8 of 21
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 9 of 21
During a panic attack, a person will experience someof the following symptoms.
Panic Attacks
•fast heart rate
•rapid breathing
•fear of suffocation
•believes he or she is dying
•sweating
•trembling or shaking
•choking sensation
•chest discomfort or pain
•nausea or stomach distress
•dizziness or lightheadedness
•fear of losing control
•an “out of body” sensation
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 10 of 21
•An unwanted thought or image that takes control of themind is an obsession.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
•An obsession may lead to a compulsion, an unreasonableneed to behave in a certain way to prevent a fearedoutcome.
•People who survive a life threatening event may developpost-traumatic stress disorder.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
•flashbacks
•nightmares
•inability to sleep
•Some symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder are
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 11 of 21
•People who have a mood disorder experienceextreme emotions that make it difficult to functionwell in their daily lives.
Mood Disorders
•Depression is an emotional state in which a personfeels extremely sad and hopeless.
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 12 of 21
•Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder identified byserious disturbances in thinking, mood, awareness, andbehavior.
Schizophrenia
•People with an impulse-control disorder cannot resist theimpulse, or drive, to act in a way that is harmful tothemselves or to others.
Impulse-Control Disorders
•Some examples of impulse-control disorders are
•kleptomania (taking items not needed or wanted)
•gambling
•uncontrolled shopping (buying many unnecessary things)
Section 4.1
Mental Disorders
Slide 13 of 21
People who have a personality disorder display rigidpatterns of behavior that make it difficult for them toget along with others.
Personality Disorders
•Group A: People with personality disorders in thisgroup tend to be cold and distant.
•Group B: People with personality disorders in thisgroup are often overly emotional or unstable.
•Group C: People with personality disorders in thisgroup often cannot make decisions.