11.23.15
UNIT 5: SILK ROAD &TRADE
Wait for it…the Mongols!
•“Genghis Khan"means UniversalLeader
•Believed it was hisdestiny to rule theworld
Genghis Khan
•Used diplomacy to create relations with theMuslim World.
•Traded with Khwarizm Dynasty.
oGenghis’s caravan was attacked in route
oHe demanded the governor who attacked thecaravan to be sent to him
oHe sent a diplomat to retrieve the governor.
oThe leader of the Khwarizm dynasty said noand sent the head of the diplomat back toGenghis Khan
oThis act released the fury that was the Mongolsacross Central and Western Asia!
Expansion
"All the people, both menand women, were driven outonto the plain, and divided inaccordance with their usualcustom, then they were allslain".
•Large area of Islamic lands were severelydepopulated as the Mongols invaded
oEvery town that resisted was wiped out
•Genghis Khan stated, "All who surrender will bespared; whoever does not surrender butopposed with struggle and dissension, shall beannihilated."
oGenerations were wiped out, as well as culturesbeing lost to history
•The Mongols could never expand past East Asiadue to insufficient grazing lands for their horses
Conquering the Islamic Lands
Mongol Empire at the height of theirexpansion
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•Horses were a mainadvantage for the Mongols
•Each warrior had to be able totravel far distances more quickly
•Army divided into decimals of10 (organization)
•Mongol bow
•Unmatched for accuracy, force,and reach
•Deception
•Fake a retreat
•Each warrior controlled 5 horseswith dummies to make armiesappear larger
Military Tactics
“The greatest happiness is toscatter your enemy, to drive himbefore you, to see his citiesreduced to ashes, to see those wholove him shrouded in tears, and togather into your bosom his wivesand daughters.” - Genghis Khan
Brutality
•Known for theirextreme brutality
o"Barbarians"
oExtreme use offorce and violence
•Many historiansattribute the legacy ofthe Mongols to one of“barbaric warriors”.
•Is that all they shouldbe known for?
•Means "Mongol Peace"
•During the late 13th and early 14th centuries,the unified land empire brought a tolerantsociety, effective government, and easedtrading
oIncreased status of merchants
Safer trading
Postal system developed
Built road and introduced standard paper money
oFirst instance of truly 'Global History'
Everyone from East Asia to Europe benefited fromthe Unified Mongol Empire
Pax Mongolia
•Technologies, artistictraditions, and culturaltraditions spread rapidlyduring the Pax Mongolia
oGunpowder, artistic styles,architecture
•Religious tolerance
oMongols did notdiscriminate based onreligions, people free topractice their religions
oMongol leaders evenconverted to the religions ofthe conquered areas
Tolerance
•The Mongols protectedthose under their authority.The world became safer andmore productive for thoseliving in Eurasia
Wait for it…the Mongols!
Group Share Out
•Nominate/select someone from yourgroup to share answers
oPut your worksheet under the doccam
oDon’t worry if you’re unsure, we’llall work together!
DBQ
Question: How barbaric were the Mongols really?
1.Read each document, looking for evidence to helpanswer our question
2.Group the documents into categories
3.Look at all the evidence as a whole – which waydoes it push you, yes they were barbaric, or nothey were not barbaric?
4.Choose the 3 best pieces of evidence to supportyour decision
5.Write it up into a cohesive paragraph