HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGEPROGRAMMINGPARADIGMS
Programming languages come in many forms or 'paradigms'. Each form of languageoffers advantages over other types and each one of course has some limitations as well.
You need to know the main classes ofprogramming and why you would use one typeover another.
The main classes of programming languages are
•low level languages
•procedural
•object-orientated languages
Low Level Languages
What are Mnemonics?
A Mnemonic is an abbreviation of operation They are used to program, with codesuch as ADD or MOV
Features of Low Level Languages
They are CPU specific, and make direct use of internal registers, as well as usingmnemonics and many different memory modes. An example would be Little ManComputer
Pros
Low Level Languages have close control of the CPU, and can be very efficient due tothe easy optimisation of code
Cons
Difficult to use as programming commands can be hard to understand, and theprogrammer needs to know a lot of detail about the CPU. They are also the leastportable code.
Procedural Languages
Features of a Procedural Language
A procedural language gives instructions step by step. The program will ‘do this,then this, then this’. An example would be Python
Pros
They are good for general purpose programming, allow for a good level ofcontrol with little knowledge of the CPU, and are portable.
Cons
Some problems however is that there is no room for error in the code and theyaren’t as efficient as other programming languages
Object Orientated Languages
What is a class?
A class is a set template of methods and variables in a particular kind of object. Anobject is a specific instance of class, and contains real values instead of variables
Properties and Methods
A Property is a field of objects or classes that have set getter or setter routines.Methods belong to objects or classes and usually express the verbs of the object orclass.
Languages
Java, Python, C++, Visual Basic and Ruby are all examples of OO languages
Pros
Makes it easier to provide working code, other coders do not need to know how theclass works internally, code can be re-used, and its portable.
Cons
Complex, can take time and skill to make a efficient and flexible class. They alsoaren’t as compact and efficient as writing code into a low level language
Summary
