Chapter 4: Musculoskeletal System

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

A Living Language

Medical Terminology

Chapter 4

Musculoskeletal System

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

The Skeleton

Skeleton has two divisions

Axial skeleton

head, neck, spine, bone, chest, trunk

Appendicular skeleton

pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, upper extremities,lower extremities

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-skeletal-system-function-and-terms.html#lesson

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-The Skull

Is divided into two parts

Cranium

Facial bones

Protects brain, eyes, ears, nasal cavity, andoral cavity

Attachment for muscles of chewing andturning the head

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-Cranium

Frontal – 1

Forehead

Parietal – 2

Upper sides and roofof skull

Temporal – 2

Sides & base of skull

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-Cranium

Sphenoid – 1

Part of floor of skull

Occipital – 1

Back & base of skull

Major Bones of the Skull: Names and Location - Free Anatomy & Physiology Video

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-Facial Bones

Mandible – 1

Lower jawbone

Maxilla – 1

Upper jawbone

Zygomatic – 2

Cheek bones

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-Facial Bones

Nasal – 2

Part of nasal septumand bridge of nose

Lacrimal – 2

Inner corner of eye

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/bones-of-the-face-names-function-location.html#lesson

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Figure 4.5 – Bones of the skull.

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-Hyoid Bone

Single U-shaped bone

In neck between mandible and larynx

Attachment point for swallowing and speechmuscles

http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTmqK66PD8OUrgUgmhK5AmtaJ5kcvYx-wYvhS_3Iagihzpxmiyk:www.medicalook.com/systems_images/Hyoid_Bone_large.gif

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Classwork

Using Chapter 4 of the Blue Textbook, fill out thediagrams from the handouts.

Axial Skeleton-pg. 86

Appendicular Skeleton-pg. 89

Divisions of Vertebral Column-pg. 88

Structure of the Rib Cage pg. 88

Pectoral Girdle and upper extremities- pg. 90

Pelvic Girdle and lower extremities- pg. 91

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-The Trunk

Vertebral column

Sternum

Rib cage

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-The Vertebral Column

Divided into fivesections

Cervical- 7

Thoracic -12

Lumbar -5(lowback)

Sacrum- 5 fusedat base of spine

Coccyx-3-5attached tosacrum.

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-The Rib Cage

12 pairs of ribs

Attached to vertebralcolumn at back

Provides support fororgans, such asheart and lungs

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Axial Skeleton-The Rib Cage

True ribs

7 pairs attached tosternum in front

False Ribs

3 pairs

Floating ribs

Inferior 2 pairs

No attachment infront

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/bones-of-the-vertebral-column-and-ribs-definition-and-function.html#lesson

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Appendicular Skeleton

Includes bones of:

Pectoral girdle

Upper extremity

Pelvic girdle

Lower extremity

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Pectoral Girdle

Attaches upper extremity to axial skeleton

Articulates with:

Sternum anteriorly

Vertebral column posteriorly

Consists of:

Clavicle – collar bone

Scapula – shoulder blade

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Upper Extremity

Arm

Consists of:

Humerus – upper arm

Ulna – part of forearm

Radius – part of forearm

Carpals – wrist bones

Metacarpals – hand bones

Phalanges – finger bones

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Figure 4.9 – Anatomical and common names for the pectoral girdleand upper extremity.

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Pelvic Girdle

Also called os coxae, innominate bone, orhipbone

Attaches lower extremity to axial skeleton

Articulates with sacrum posteriorly

Consists of:

Ilium

Ischium

Pubis

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Lower Extremity

Leg

Consists of:

Femur – thigh bone

Patella – knee cap

Tibia – shin bone

Fibula – lower leg bone

Tarsals – ankle bones

Metatarsals – foot bones

Phalanges – toe bones

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition

Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

Figure 4.10 – Anatomical and common names for the pelvic girdleand lower extremity.