It is a sequence that goes from oneterm to the next term by alwaysadding or subtracting to the samevalue
Example:
Common difference (notation= d)
It is the difference between eachnumber in an arithmetic sequence
Geometric Sequence
It is a sequence that goes from oneterm to the next by always multiplyingor dividing by the same value
Example:
Common ratio (notation = r)
It is the ratio of a term to the previous term in ageometric sequence.
Sequence
A sequence always start with the 1st term.
Example: {3, 5, 7, 9…}
So what is the 0th term for this example?Explain.
1st term
2nd term
Practice Problems
1){24, 27, 30, …}
2)(56, 66, 76, …}
3){4, 16, 64…}
4){50, 25, 12.5, …}
Arithmetic Sequence
If the sequence is an arithmetic sequence, thenit is a linear function with an equation ofy = mx + b
Geometric Sequence
5-Minute Check1
A.arithmetic
B.geometric
C.neither
Which best describes the sequence 1, 4, 9, 16, …?
5-Minute Check2
A.arithmetic
B.geometric
C.neither
Which best describes the sequence 3, 7, 11, 15, …?
5-Minute Check3
A.arithmetic
B.geometric
C.neither
Which best describes the sequence 1, –2, 4, –8, …?
5-Minute Check4
A.–50, 250, –1250
B.–20, 100, –40
C.–250, 1250, –6250
D.–250, 500, –1000
Find the next three terms in the geometricsequence 2, –10, 50, … .
known values
Explicit FormulasExplicit Formulas
What is arecursive sequence?
Definition:
A recursive sequence is the process in whicheach step of a pattern is dependent on thestep or steps before it.
Recursion Formulas
“Rate of change”
Sequence and Terms
Let’s look at the following sequence
1,
4,
9,
16,
25,
36,
49,
…,
The letter a with a subscript is used to representfunction values of a sequence.
The subscripts identify the location of a term.
Do you know what the rule is for the sequence?
n²
How to read the subscripts:
a term inthesequence
the prior
term
the nextterm
Ex. 1: Find the first four terms of thesequence:
The firstterm is 5
Each termafter thefirst
+ 2
is
3 times thepreviousterm
Plus 2
Let’s be sure we understand what is given
General Term
Continued…Ex. 1: Find the first four terms of the sequence:
n=1
n=3
n=2
n=4
given
Start with general term for n>1
Answer = 5, 17, 53, 161
Your turn:Ex 2: Find the next four terms of the sequence.
given
Start with general term for n>1
Answer = 3, 6, 12, 24
n=1
n=3
n=2
n=4
Try another…
n=1
n=3
n=2
n=4
given
=
=
4 – 4 = 0
0 – 2 = -2
Answer = 2, 1, 0, -2, -8
n=5
=
-8 – 0 = -8
given
Your turnWrite a recursive formula for the sequences below.Step 1 : Determine if it is arithmetic or geometric.Step 2 : Plug in to either the geometric or arithmetic recursive formula.Step 3 : Make sure you tell us what a1 is equal to.
Ex. 3
7, 3, -1, -5, -9, …
The common difference = -4
The firstterm = 7
Ex. 4
3, 6, 12, 24, 48, …
The common ratio = 2
The firstterm = 3
The first row of the theater has 15 seats in it. Eachsubsequent row has 3 more seats that the previous row.If the last row has 78 seats, how many rows are in thetheater?