Blood Pressure

Please get your assignedcomputer.

Do not turn on untilinstructed.

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The measurement of the force of bloodagainst artery walls

Force comes from the pumping of the heart

If arteries are hardened or narrowed, this forcemight be increased to pump the bloodthroughout the body

Done by listening for two sounds within astethoscope – the first sound and the changein sound/or in some instances the lastsound

1st sound – systolic BP

2nd sound – diastolic BP

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Aneroid SphygmomanometerAneroid Sphygmomanometer

Systolic – measuresthe pressure in anartery when theheart is contracting

Diastolic – measuresthe pressure in anartery when theheart relaxesbetweencontractions

Top number (systolic) ismeasured first, then thebottom number (diastolic)

120/80 is a normal bloodpressure

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Reading an AneroidSphygmomanometer

Practice

Normal range of BP = 100/60 to 140/90

90/60 = hypotensive

Dizziness, light-headedness, might faint

Medications, extremely fit, illness, injury

140/90 = hypertensive

“silent killer,” there are often no symptoms

May result in a stroke

Overweight, emotional upset, history, pain, illness,medication

Normal PulsePressure

30-50 mm Hg

(systolic – diastolic)

BP mmHg

Normal

Prehypertension

Hypertension

Systolic (topnumber)

Less than 120

120-139

140 or higher

Diastolic (bottomnumber)

Less than 80

80-89

90 or higher

Increases the risk of coronary heart disease(which leads to heart attack) and stroke

Can occur in children or adults

Particularly prevalent in:

African Americans

middle-aged and elderly

obese people

heavy drinkers

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Mercury SphygmomanometerMercury Sphygmomanometer

Sphygmomanometer(blood pressure cuff)

Must fit the arm properly

Gauge should becalibrated and needle on zero

Stethoscope

Eartips point towardnose

Must be cleaned aftereach use!

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To prevent spread ofmicroorganisms,clean eartips anddiaphragm aftereach use withalcohol.

Pointeartipstowardthe nosewhenplaced inthe ears.

You will need headphones for this lab

Log into AISD Moodle

Locate Clinical Skills

Click on Blood Pressure Practice

Read Introduction

Read patient history then, practice takingBP for each patient

Sphygmomanometer

Must fit the arm properly;width of cuff = with of upperarm

Gauge should becalibrated and needle on zero

Stethoscope

Eartips point to nose

Must clean ear tips anddiaphragm with alcoholwipe after use

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1.Person should be seated orlying down

2.Should have rested for 10-15minutes prior to reading

3.For adults, use arm, forinfants, use leg

4.Excess air should be squeezedout of the cuff

5.Valve should be closed, buteasily able to be opened

6.Two technique options:

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Find radial pulse

Pump cuff until pulse no longer palpated

Pump another 30 mmHG higher

Place diaphragm of stethoscope on brachialartery about ½ - 1 inch above the elbow

Release the valve and listen for the twomeasurements – slowly deflating the cuff

Find brachial artery and put diaphragmover the site

Pump cuff to 120 mmHg and listen for theheart beat

Once heard, pump another 30 mmHg andlisten again

When pulse is no longer heard, then pumpanother 30 mmHg and slowly deflate,listening for the two measurements

Manual BP video

Self Manual BP video

Automatic Monitor video

If reading is uncertain, wait 30 to 60 secondsbefore re-measuring

Record the reading and report anyabnormalities

Practice taking your BP – chart

Practice taking BP of five students – chart

Practice taking BP with an automaticmonitor on at least two students –chart

Review Positioning PPT – make CornellNotes

If reading is uncertain,wait 30-60 secondsbefore re-measuring!If still uncertain,switch arms.