The
Elements
of
Dance
The
Elements
of
Dance
Space ~ Time ~ Force
What
is
the
purpose
of
dance?
What
is
the
purpose
of
dance?
•
First, think of the
purpose of paintings,
short stories, poems,
etc.
•
The purpose of
dance, like all art
forms, is to convey a
message or to
present an idea for a
particular purpose.
Tools
of
Art
Tools
of
Art
•
What tools and/or
strategies does an
artist use to make
images purposeful?
•
What tools and/or
strategies does a
writer use to make
books more
meaningful?
The
Elements
of
Dance
The
Elements
of
Dance
•
The elements of dance are tools that allow
choreographers and performers to bring
their visions to fruition.
Space
Space
•
Space
is where the body
moves.
•
As dancers move through
space, their bodies create
patterns on the floor and
in the air.
•
These spatial designs are
an integral part of dance,
giving dancers a
purposeful reason for
moving.
Space:
The
Body
Space:
The
Body
•
The Body
is the
instrument of dance.
•
Just as a painter
paints with a brush, in
dance it is through the
body that movements
appear.
Space:
The
Body
Space:
The
Body
•
Whole Body
•
Body parts
—head, arms, knees, etc.
•
Body zones
—body areas of front, back,
left side, and right side
•
Body bases
—whatever supports the rest
of the body; for example, when kneeling
the base is the knees
Space:
Personal
Space:
Personal
•
Personal space
is also called
kinesphere
.
Personal space is reached while
stationary.
Space:
General
Space:
General
•
General Space
is the space shared by all.
It reaches beyond personal space.
Space:
Locomotor
Space:
Locomotor
•
Walk
: One foot is always in contact with
the floor.
•
Run
: Neither foot is on the ground at
some point in the movement.
•
Hop
: A transfer of weight by a springing
from one foot to the same foot.
Space:
Locomotor
Space:
Locomotor
•
Leap
: Like a run, but you stay in the air
longer.
•
Skip
: A skip is a combination of a step and
a hop on the same foot, so the leading foot
alternates.
•
Gallop
: A combination of a step and leap
so that the same foot is always leading.
•
Slide
: A close sideward step, with the
same foot always leading.
Space:
Non-Locomotor:
Movement
in
One
Place
Space:
Non-Locomotor:
Movement
in
One
Place
•
Balance
: move all body parts away from
its center
•
Bend
: closing up at body joints
•
Stretch
: opening up a body joints
•
Push
: bending or stretching with illusion of
resistance.
•
Swing and Sway
: a shifting or weight right
to the point of falling, and a controlled
shifting of weight.
Space:
Shape
Space:
Shape
•
Shape
is the design of the body’s position.
•
Aspects of shape are open/closed;
symmetrical/asymmetrical; angular/curved
Space:
Directions,
Pathways,
and
Focus
Space:
Directions,
Pathways,
and
Focus
•
Directions
are forward, backward,
sideways, up, and down.
•
Pathways
are the straight and curved
designs made in the air or on the floor by
the person’s movement.
•
Focus
is where the eyes are directed.
Force/Energy
Force/Energy
•
Force/Energy describes the muscular
tension used to move.
Force/Energy
Force/Energy
•
Tension
: feels hard and tight
•
Release
: feels soft and loose
•
Free flow
: When energy is released freely
(Jazz)
•
Bound flow
: When energy release is
controlled (ballet)
Time
Time
•
Beat
: The underlying pulse
–
Even rhythm: movements of equal duration
–
Uneven rhythm: movements of unequal
duration
•
Tempo
: slow to fast
•
Duration
: The length of time the
movement lasts