THE NEW FRONTIER

MAJOR DATES MAJOR DATES

Nov., 1960: John F. Kennedy Elected PresidentNov., 1960: John F. Kennedy Elected President

April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin is first human in spaceApril, 1961: Yuri Gagarin is first human in space

May, 1961: Alan Shepard is first American in spaceMay, 1961: Alan Shepard is first American in space

Feb., 1962: John Glenn is first American to orbit EarthFeb., 1962: John Glenn is first American to orbit Earth

Nov. 22, 1963: John F. Kennedy assassinated in DallasNov. 22, 1963: John F. Kennedy assassinated in Dallas

July 29, 1969:U.S. astronauts land / walkon MoonJuly 29, 1969:U.S. astronauts land / walkon Moon

KENNEDY’S IMAGEKENNEDY’S IMAGE

JFK & family are very popular w/massmedia and the public; WHY?JFK & family are very popular w/massmedia and the public; WHY?

–JFK’s appearance / youthfulness appealedto public–JFK’s appearance / youthfulness appealedto public

–JFK’s public speaking ability–JFK’s public speaking ability

–JFK’s sense of humor–JFK’s sense of humor

–JFK’s wife, Jacqueline, encouraged artisticstyle and decoration in White House–JFK’s wife, Jacqueline, encouraged artisticstyle and decoration in White House

–JFK & White House staff used TV tocreate attractive public image–JFK & White House staff used TV tocreate attractive public image

JKF’s Innauguration 1960 JKF’s Innauguration 1960

JFK & LBJ in the Oval OfficeJFK & LBJ in the Oval Office

KENNEDY’S IMAGE KENNEDY’S IMAGE

WHY ELSE DID PEOPLE LIKE JFK?WHY ELSE DID PEOPLE LIKE JFK?

–JFK’s Administration was filled w/energetic,youthful officials–JFK’s Administration was filled w/energetic,youthful officials

Examples? Robert McNamara, Sec. of DefenseExamples? Robert McNamara, Sec. of Defense

–JFK’s enthusiasm & pledge to improve the U.S.–JFK’s enthusiasm & pledge to improve the U.S.

–“The New Frontier” :–“The New Frontier” :

Define: JFK’s legislative agenda / program to improveAmerica (see p. 838)Define: JFK’s legislative agenda / program to improveAmerica (see p. 838)

What areas of American life did JFK want to improve?What areas of American life did JFK want to improve?

–Poverty / Civil Rights–Poverty / Civil Rights

–Economy / Unemployment–Economy / Unemployment

–The Space Race vs. Soviets–The Space Race vs. Soviets

–Relations w/ foreign nations–Relations w/ foreign nations

Results?Results?

–N.A.S.A. created–N.A.S.A. created

–PEACE CORPS created–PEACE CORPS created

–ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS created–ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS created

–So What?–So What?

JFK is trying to stimulate major changes in AmericaJFK is trying to stimulate major changes in America

THE SPACE RACE THE SPACE RACE

Origin:Origin:

–1957: Soviets launch Sputnik I–1957: Soviets launch Sputnik I

–April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin orbits earth–April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin orbits earth

–U.S. fears Soviets will have space weaponscapability–U.S. fears Soviets will have space weaponscapability

U.S. response:U.S. response:

–N.A.S.A. created ; Define–N.A.S.A. created ; Define

–JFK pledges major resources to NASA–JFK pledges major resources to NASA

–JFK pledges U.S. commitment to Moonlanding–JFK pledges U.S. commitment to Moonlanding

(The “New Frontier” concept is promoted)(The “New Frontier” concept is promoted)

Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, USSR Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, USSR

YURI GAGARIN’s FLIGHT YURI GAGARIN’s FLIGHT

THE SPACE RACE (Cont’d.) THE SPACE RACE (Cont’d.)

RR

–U–U

G G

’’

a a

l l

$ $

f f

N N

–C–C

C C

F F

l l

c c

b b

–H–H

T T

m m

c c

b b

–O–O

n n

f f

b b

( (

p p

8 8

))

FF

R R

–1–1

A A

S S

r r

s s

–1–1

J J

G G

o o

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–J–J

1 1

A A

1 1

c c

m m

M M

AstronautAstronaut

Alan Shepard,Alan Shepard,

U.S. NavyU.S. Navy

Astronaut John Glenn, U.S.M.C. Astronaut John Glenn, U.S.M.C.

Apollo 11 Launch, July 1969Apollo 11 Launch, July 1969

“That’s One Small“That’s One Small

Step for a Man, Step for a Man,

One Giant Leap for One Giant Leap for

Mankind.” Mankind.”

Neil Armstrong,Neil Armstrong,

July 20, 1969July 20, 1969

Lunar Module Liftoff from MoonLunar Module Liftoff from Moon

ASSASSINATION ASSASSINATION

When? November 22, 1963When? November 22, 1963

Where? Dallas, TXWhere? Dallas, TX

Why there? JFK was making trip to buildsupport w/Texas DemocratsWhy there? JFK was making trip to buildsupport w/Texas Democrats

Who killed JFK?Who killed JFK?

–Lee Harvey Oswald: Arrested & chargedw/assassination–Lee Harvey Oswald: Arrested & chargedw/assassination

–Where?–Where?

Texas School Book Depository Bldg, DallasTexas School Book Depository Bldg, Dallas

JFK shot in Dealey PlazaJFK shot in Dealey Plaza

–Oswald murdered by Jack Ruby, Nov. 24, 1963–Oswald murdered by Jack Ruby, Nov. 24, 1963

Other theories?Other theories?

–Mafia–Mafia

–Anti-Castro Cubans–Anti-Castro Cubans

–Oswald conspired w/other, unknown persons–Oswald conspired w/other, unknown persons

JFK in DALLAS, Nov. 22, 1963 JFK in DALLAS, Nov. 22, 1963

DEALEY PLAZA, DALLAS, TX.DEALEY PLAZA, DALLAS, TX.

JFK AFTER 1st SHOT JFK AFTER 1st SHOT

Jackie Kennedy, LBJ, & Lady Bird Johnson on board Air Force One after the assassinationJackie Kennedy, LBJ, & Lady Bird Johnson on board Air Force One after the assassination