Sculpture Unit Art 3200 This unit consists of wire sculpting, paper mache, foam carving, clay sculpting, and metal embossing.

SculptureUnitArt 3200This unit consists of wire sculpting, paper mache,foam carving, clay sculpting, and metal embossing.

History of Sculpture

Throughout history, monuments in marble, woodand bronze have been fashioned to glorify thedivine and the human.

Sculpture is different from drawing, painting,and printmaking, in that it occupies 3-dimensional space.

Sculpture has mass or volume.

History of Sculpture

Sculpture should be viewed from as many anglesas possible.

Sculpture interacts with its environment.

It influences the space around it and isinfluenced by the space surrounding it.

History of Sculpture

Modern sculpture has moved beyond museumsand galleries.

Artists have moved out into the natural andsynthetic environments.

Elements of Design

All art is made up of 4 elements of design:

Line

Form/Shape

Colour

Texture/pattern

In sculpture these elements are different than 2dimensional art.

Elements of Design

In 2D artwork, showing movement relies on thevisual suggestion of movement with lines andcolours.

In 3D artwork, movement and balance are bothvisual and physical.

Elements of Design: Line

In sculpture, line has 3 dimensions.

It moves through and occupies space.

Line may be irregular, free flowing, or rigid.

Line in space implies movement as the eye, hand,and/or body follows its path.

Line may sometimes define or imply a form.

Elements of Design: Form

Form is the 3D equivalent to shape.

Form indicates mass, volume, bulk, solidity, andweight.

Forms may contain empty space or holes whichare called voids or negative space. These aresometimes as important as positive space.

Elements of Design: Form

 Form may be made by building up materialswhich is additive sculpture.

Form may also be made by taking away materialfrom a solid form which is subtractive sculpture.

Elements of Design: Texture

Sculpture uses 3D materials and surfaces.

Texture in sculpture is actual texture instead ofimplied texture in 2D art.

Artists can use materials with specific texturalqualities and materials with which they cancreate texture in their art.

Types of Sculptures

Sculpture: A three-dimensional work of art.Sculptures may be carved, modelled,constructed, or cast. There are different typesof sculptures such as assemblage, in theround, and relief.

Assemblage: A three-dimensional piece ofart made of various materials such as foundobjects, paper, wood, and textiles.

Types of Sculptures

In the Round: Sculpture which is viewed from allsides and is freestanding. The opposite of relief.

Relief: A type of sculpture in which the formprojects (or “pops up”) from a background. Thereare three types of relief: high, low, and sunken. Inhigh relief, the forms stand far out from thebackground. In low relief (bas-relief), they areshallow. In sunken relief, the image is carved intoa flat surface and the highest parts are level withthe original surface of the material being carved.

Assemblage

Raoul Hausmann(Austrian, 1886-1971)

Mechanical Head[or, The Spirit ofOur Time]

In the Round

Salvador Dalí(Spanish, 1904-1989)

LobsterTelephone

1936

Relief

Greece

Little girl withdoves

450-440 BCE

Parian marblerelief

Sculpture Project 1:Wire Animals/Creatures

 We'll start this unit by building wire figures in motion.

 When building your character, think of the following:

What happens to my body when I stand or walk?

Which arms and legs go forward?

How does my body express my mood?

What would be a unique action to sculpt?

Which techniques will work the best - twisting the wire with my handsor pliers?

How do I make my character stand without falling?

It's best to build your character from just one piece of wire, since addingseparate limbs will make your character flimsy and weak.

Sculpture Project 1:Wire Animals/Creatures

Project Requirements:

 Sketchbook Sketch: Pretend that your pencil is one continuous pieceof wire. If you were to draw your character in one line, how would itlook? Sketch several figures in motion in your sketchbook by using onlyone line for each.

Wire Sculpture:

- Sculpture must be made in as few pieces as possible.

- Sculpture must have at least 2 legs, 1 head, and 1 torso.

- Sculpture must have no moving parts (if you add pieces of wire, makesure they are attached well).

- Sculpture must be freestanding.

- Sculpture must be creative, unique and cannot be copied (you mayuse images from books as references).

Sculpture Project 1:Wire Animals/Creatures

Project will be marked on the following:

 Followed Instructions (sketchbook sketch)

 Followed Instructions / Included all requirements(sculpture)

 Effort/Neatness

 Level of Completion

 Quality of Sculpture/Techniques

 Creativity

Sculpture Project 2:Metal Embossing

•For this project we will experiment with making lines and shapes inthin pieces of metal.

•Then we’ll give emphasis to our designs by adding a layer of blackIndia ink. (You may want to wear an old shirt while using the inkbecause it can be messy).

•The main thing to remember when embossing metal is to work fromboth sides of the metal to make your lines and shapes really standout.

Sculpture Project 2:Metal Embossing

Project will be marked on the following:

Followed Instructions (sketchbook sketch)Followed Instructions (sculpture)

Effort/Neatness

Level of Completion

Quality of Metal Embossing (Carving)

Quality of Metal Embossing (Inking)

Creativity

Sculpture Project 2:Metal Embossing

Sculpture Project 2:Metal Embossing

Sculpture Project 2:Metal Embossing

Sculpture Project 3:Foam Carving

•The purpose of this project is to carve a Newfoundland scene depictingdifferent grounds in a 4" x 6" piece of foam.

•It is extremely important to show at least three grounds in your piece -the foreground, the middle ground, and the background.

•Foreground - the area which is closest to the viewer and carved theleast.

•Middle ground - a bit further away and carved a bit deeper.

•Background - the area which is furthest from the viewer and carved thedeepest.

Here are a few important tips to remember:

1. You need to begin with a good, clear sketch that haseach ground labeled. This will help you in yourcarving stage.

2. Keep the outlines in your foam light - don't carveover your outlines because some may need to beshallow.

3. Use delicate carving tools for delicate areas andcarve in a short, gentle motion.

4. Use wide tools for wide areas.

5. Don't carve too deep or you will make holes in yourfoam.