October 2, 2012
Objective: Students will understand and compareabiotic and biotic factors; define and contrastpopulation and species
Do Now:
Have Ch 4 Vocab out to be checked
Define and identify biotic and abiotic factors
HW: work on Chapter 4 Packet
Ch 4 Vocab Quiz – Friday Oct. 5
The Organization of Life
Chapter 4
Ecosystem
Definition: All the organisms living in anarea together along with their physicalenvironment
All ecosystems are connected – both living andnon-living things move from one to another
Basic Components of an Ecosystem
Basic Components
Energy (mostly from the sun)
Minerals
Carbon dioxide
Water
Oxygen
Organisms
Made up of biotic factors (living things) and abiotic factors(non-living things)
Levels of Organization of an Ecosystem
Biosphere > ecosystems > community > population >species > organisms
Organism is an individual living thing
Species a group of organisms with similarcharacteristics that can mate to produce fertileoffspring
Population is members of the same species that live inthe same place at the same time
Community is a group of various species that live in thesame area and interact with each other, made up only ofbiotic components.
Habitat – a place an organism lives
Has specific biotic and abiotic factors needed by theorganisms that live there.
Levels of EcologicalOrganization
October 3, 2012
Objective: SWBAT describe and summarizeevolution by natural selection
Do Now:
Work on Map Skills page in Ch 4 Packet
Read over video question sheet
Video – Evolution: Darwin’s Dangerous Idea
October 4, 2011
Objective: SWBAT describe and summarizeevolution by natural selection
Do Now:
Have Ch 4 Packet p. 7 – 8 out to be checked &Have Ch 4 Vocab out to mark terms to study
Answer Questions # 1 – 8 on Video Question sheetfrom the part you saw yesterday.
Video – Evolution: Darwin’s Dangerous Idea
October 8, 2012
Objective: SWBAT compare and contrast evolutionby natural selection and evolution by artificialselection; explain concept of adaptation
Do Now:
In your own words, explain:
Natural Selection
Artificial Selection
Adaptation give examples
Terms to Study for Chapter 4Vocabulary Quiz – Friday 10/7
Angiosperm
Artificial Selection
Community
Ecosystem
Gymnosperm
Habitat
Natural Selection
Organism
Population
Species
Evolution
Evolution: a change in the genetic characteristics of apopulation from one generation to the next.
Theory of Evolution – Darwin Natural Selection
Natural Selection – “Survival of the fittest”
the environment selects which traits make individuals moresuited to survive and those individuals will live andreproduce longer – the “fittest” or “strongest” survives
Over very long period of time and manygenerations, the characteristics of the populationchange based on the environment
Table 1, page 104
Figure 8, page 105
Table 1 p. 104 ***Don’t copyPremises of Natural Selection
1. Individuals in a population vary in each generation
2. Some of these variations are genetic, or inherited
3. More individuals are produces than live to grow upand reproduce
4. Individuals with some genes are more likely tosurvive and reproduce than individuals with othergenes
Nature Selects
Table 1 p. 104 *** Don’t copyConclusion
Based on the 4 premises, individuals withgenetic traits that make them more likely togrow up and reproduce in the existingenvironment will become more common inthe population from one generation to thenext.
Coevolution – the process of two species evolvingbased on long term interactions between them
“evolution together”
Ex. Bird beak and flower
Artificial Selection – humans select which organismwill breed with each other based on desiredcharacteristics – selective breeding
Ex. Dogs, plants
Evolution of Resistance
Humans can cause populations to evolve unwantedadaptations
Resistance – ability of one organism to tolerate achemical meant to harm or kill it
Insects resistant to pesticides
Bacteria resistant to antibiotics
See Figure 11, page 107
Pesticide Resistance
October 9, 2012
Objective: SWBAT categorize living things based on theircharacteristics.
Do Now:
Name the 6 kingdoms that we use to classify living things.
HW: Completed Chapter 4 packet due tomorrow 10/10
Ch 4 Test is Friday 10/12
Kingdoms of Life…
All living things are classified into 6 kingdomsbased on their characteristics
Archaebacteria –
Single celled (unicellular)
No nucleus (prokaryotic)
Reproduce by simply dividing (asexually – binaryFission)
Often found in harsh environments (extremetemperatures, high or low pH, high level of salt)
Ex. Methanogen, thermophiles
Eubacteria
Single celled (unicellular)
No nucleus (prokaryotic)
Reproduce asexually using binary Fission
Found everywhere, some cause disease
Breakdown dead organisms(decomposers)
Ex. Staph, strep, E. Coli, MRSA
Protists
Mostly single celled (unicellular)
Nucleus (eukaryotic)
Most live in water
This is a “catch-all category”
Ex. Diatoms, dinoflagellates
Fungi
Can be single or multicellular
Have a Nucleus (eukaryotic)
Absorb food through their body surface
Have cell walls
Most live on land
Breakdown dead organisms (decomposers)
Ex. Mushrooms, molds, and yeast
Plants
Multicellular (Many celled)
Eukaryotic (Have Nucleus)
Cell wall
Make their own food by photosynthesis
Divided into three groups
lower plants no seeds or vascular tissuegymnosperms needle like leaves and seedsangiosperms flowering plants with seeds in fruit
Ex. Trees, ferns, roses
Animals Ex. Humans, lions, snakes
Multicellular
Eukaryotic
NO cell walls
Ingest food and digest it internally
Live on both land and in water
Divided into 2 groups
Invertebrates - no backbone (lobsters)
Vertebrates – backbone (fish, birds, reptiles)