Culture, Government & Economics Test Review

Culture, Government &Economics Test ReviewCulture, Government &Economics Test Review

Terms/VocabularyTerms/Vocabulary

Culture-the way of life for people whoshare beliefs or customsCulture-the way of life for people whoshare beliefs or customs

Cultural Diffusion-to spread theirculture to other placesCultural Diffusion-to spread theirculture to other places

Urban-having to do with life in the cityUrban-having to do with life in the city

Rural-having to do with life in thecountryRural-having to do with life in thecountry

Migration – when people move fromone place to anotherMigration – when people move fromone place to another

Customs – a practice handed downfrom the pastCustoms – a practice handed downfrom the past

Limited or Unlimited – Which one could itbe?Limited or Unlimited – Which one could itbe?

Limited Government-everyone, including allauthority figures, must obey the laws.Limited Government-everyone, including allauthority figures, must obey the laws.

Examples:Examples:

Constitutional Monarchy- Constitutional Monarchy-

Constitutional Republic Constitutional Republic

Unlimited Government-Control is placed solelywith the ruler and his/her appointees, and thereare limits imposed on his/her authority:Unlimited Government-Control is placed solelywith the ruler and his/her appointees, and thereare limits imposed on his/her authority:

Communism Monarchy Communism Monarchy

Totalitarian Totalitarian

Push/Pull Theory-explains migration and immigration Reasonssuch as: war, lack of jobs, hunger and are pulled toanother country that offers peace, jobs and achance of a better life.Push/Pull Theory-explains migration and immigration Reasonssuch as: war, lack of jobs, hunger and are pulled toanother country that offers peace, jobs and achance of a better life.

Push

Pull

Lack ofjobs

Lack offreedom

poverty

war

Hope for a betterlife

jobs

freedom

Peace

Elements of Culture TraitsElements of Culture Traits

1.Dress1.Dress

2.Technology2.Technology

3.Hobbies3.Hobbies

4.Food4.Food

5.Music5.Music

6.Beliefs6.Beliefs

7.Religion7.Religion

8.Traditions8.Traditions

9.Holidays9.Holidays

10.Family10.Family

11.Language11.Language

12.environment12.environment

More examples of CulturalTraitsMore examples of CulturalTraits

BehaviorsBehaviors

Ways of doing thingsWays of doing things

Creative expressionsCreative expressions

GovernmentGovernment

Democracy came from Ancient GreeceDemocracy came from Ancient Greece

Different types of Government -LimitedDifferent types of Government -Limited

Types ofGovernmentTypes ofGovernment

DescriptionsDescriptions

Ex:Ex:

LimitedLimited

ConstitutionalRepublicConstitutionalRepublic

electrepresentativeselectrepresentatives

U.S.U.S.

LimitedLimited

ConstitutionalConstitutional

MonarchyMonarchy

King or Queenis symbolic,people electrepresentativesKing or Queenis symbolic,people electrepresentatives

EnglandEngland

LimitedLimited

Different types of Government-UnlimitedDifferent types of Government-Unlimited

MonarchyMonarchy

King or Queenmakes ALLdecisionsKing or Queenmakes ALLdecisions

SaudiArabiaSaudiArabia

UnlimitedUnlimited

CommunismCommunism

The governmentowns all landand businessesThe governmentowns all landand businesses

CubaCuba

UnlimitedUnlimited

Different types of Government – UnlimitedDifferent types of Government – Unlimited

Dictatorship/TotalitarianDictatorship/Totalitarian

One person hastotal controlover the peopleOne person hastotal controlover the people

NorthKoreaNorthKorea

UnlimitedUnlimited

ECONOMYECONOMY

Free Enterprise also known as Market Economy*Businesses are privately owned and people providedproducts and services for a profit.Free Enterprise also known as Market Economy*Businesses are privately owned and people providedproducts and services for a profit.

Ex: United States Ex: United States

Ex: “I am going to ask my boss for a raise.” Ex: “I am going to ask my boss for a raise.”

Command * All economic decisions are made by thecentral governmentCommand * All economic decisions are made by thecentral government

Ex: China, Cuba and North Korea Ex: China, Cuba and North Korea

Ex: Our farm must complete the government’s five-year Ex: Our farm must complete the government’s five-year

plan or we will be punished.” plan or we will be punished.”

Traditional * based on customs & beliefsTraditional * based on customs & beliefs

Ex: Native Americans/Africa Ex: Native Americans/Africa

Ex: “When I grow older, I will use a spear to Ex: “When I grow older, I will use a spear to

hunt for food just like my father had too.” hunt for food just like my father had too.”

Types of IndustryTypes of Industry

AgricultureAgriculture

raw materials, fishing,forestry, cattle ranchingraw materials, fishing,forestry, cattle ranching

farmingfarming

ManufacturingManufacturing

raw materials are madeinto goods we useeveryday: chef, metalworkerraw materials are madeinto goods we useeveryday: chef, metalworker

FactoryworkerFactoryworker

ServicesServices

provide services such asbanking, hair stylist,dentist, and policeprovide services such asbanking, hair stylist,dentist, and police

Truck driverTruck driver

RetailRetail

All 3 industries lead toRETAIL (selling) whichbrings $$$$$$$$ into thecountry!All 3 industries lead toRETAIL (selling) whichbrings $$$$$$$$ into thecountry!

CommercialsCommercials

Economy, what does this wordstand for ???Economy, what does this wordstand for ???

A way to make decisions about how touse the resources of a country. A way to make decisions about how touse the resources of a country.

Usually this refers too in some form or Usually this refers too in some form or

fashion….money$$$$$$. fashion….money$$$$$$.

Economic Vocabulary Terms:Economic Vocabulary Terms:

Demand – how much consumers are willing tobuyDemand – how much consumers are willing tobuy

Supply – how much producers are willing toproduce and sellSupply – how much producers are willing toproduce and sell

Goods – Objects that can be bought or soldGoods – Objects that can be bought or sold

Services – activities that help people or workthat is done for someone else.Services – activities that help people or workthat is done for someone else.

Interdependence – when a country depends onthe trade with another countryInterdependence – when a country depends onthe trade with another country

Scarcity – not enough goods or services tomeet consumers’ needs.Scarcity – not enough goods or services tomeet consumers’ needs.

3 Areas that help determine acountry’s Standard of Living….3 Areas that help determine acountry’s Standard of Living….

Literacy RateLiteracy Rate

Life ExpectancyLife Expectancy

Per Capita IncomePer Capita Income

DEVELOPED Countries….DEVELOPED Countries….

1. If a country has over 70% in an Urban area.1. If a country has over 70% in an Urban area.

2. If a country has a Per Capita Income over2. If a country has a Per Capita Income over

$20,000. $20,000.

3. If a country’s Life Expectancy is over 703. If a country’s Life Expectancy is over 70

years old. years old.

4. If a country’s Literacy Rate is over 90%.4. If a country’s Literacy Rate is over 90%.

5. If a country’s Infant Mortality is less than 105. If a country’s Infant Mortality is less than 10

per 1,000 births. per 1,000 births.

DEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES…..DEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES…..

If the Urban area is between 70%-40%. If the Urban area is between 70%-40%.

If the Per Capita Income is between$20,000 - $2,000. If the Per Capita Income is between$20,000 - $2,000.

If the Life Expectancy is between 70-55. If the Life Expectancy is between 70-55.

If the Literacy Rate is between 90% -70%. If the Literacy Rate is between 90% -70%.

IMPORTS – raw materials orproducts that are bought fromother nations. IMPORTS – raw materials orproducts that are bought fromother nations.

Exports – raw materials orproducts that are sold to othernations.Exports – raw materials orproducts that are sold to othernations.