Chapter Nineteen
Baroque Art
Baroque Art of Italy and Flanders
•
Counter-Reformation:
an effort by the
Catholic Church to
lure people
•
Baroque art:
a style characterized by
movement
, vivid contrast,
and
emotional
intensity
Baroque Architecture
•
Counter-Reformation revived church building
•
Style included:
–
Sculptured scrolls
Francesco Borromini (1599-1667)
•
San Carlo alle Quattro
Fontane
–
Movement, contrast/ variety
–
Façade of continuous
curving surfaces
–
Pattern of dark/ light
Mood and Drama
•
Sculptural interest in capturing drama
•
Colored marbled replaced white
•
Forms break out of their architectural frames
= overwhelm
Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598-1680)
•
Merging of sculpture/
architecture
•
The Ecstasy of St. Theresa
–
St. Theresa’s vision:
•
Angel pierced her heart with
the golden arrow symbolizing
God’s love
Bernini
•
Baroque style of
space/ light
–
Figures appear
to move freely
•
Twisting
Baroque Painting
•
Dramatic lighting
–
Vivid contrast
•
Increase in action
Caravaggio (1571-1610)
•
Studied/ painted the world around him
•
Light was an important
–
Illuminated subjects imperfections/ flaws
•
The Conversation of St. Paul
–
Scene pushed forward
–
Eyewitness viewpoint
Gesture Drawing
Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1653)
•
First female painter in the history of Western
art to have a significant impact on the art of
her time
•
Judith and the Maidservant with the Head of
Holofernes
–
Biblical story
–
Illuminated by a single candle flame for drama
Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)
•
Influenced by Titian, Tintoretto, Michelangelo,
and Caravaggio
–
Added realistic details (favored by the Flemish)
•
The Raising of the Cross
–
Intense action
–
Feeling of energy/ life
•
Curving lines create flow
Dutch Art
•
Religious sculptures/ paintings had little
appeal for the Dutch Protestants
–
Baroque mainly appealed to Catholics
•
Dutch citizens wanted secular art
–
Artists began to paint
genre
works
•
Genre
:
scenes from everyday life
Frans Hals (c. 1580-1666)
•
Specialized in portraits
•
The Laughing Cavalier
–
Cheerful soldier
•
Young Man and Woman in an Inn
–
Quick brushstrokes
–
Candid photograph-like quality
Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)
•
Painted portraits, everyday events, historical
subjects, and landscapes
–
Refused to specialize in one genre
•
The Night Watch
–
Study of light, shadow and atmosphere
•
Dramatic effect
Rembrandt
•
Artist in His Studio
–
Self-portrait?
–
Figure standing and
observing his work
•
Represents the
thought that art is a
deliberate, thoughtful
process
, requiring
much skill
Jan Vermeer (1632-1675)
•
The Love Letter
–
Ordinary event
transformed into a
masterpiece
•
Actions seems frozen
in time
Judith Leyster (1609-1660)
•
Did not abide by the expectations for women
to paint delicate still lifes
–
Painted genre subjects/ portraits
•
Influenced by Caravaggio and Hals
Still Life
•
Intended to satisfy the Dutch public
–
Small; hung inside the home
–
Dazzling colors, ornate forms and rich textures
Spanish Art
•
Continued painting saints, crucifixions and
martyrdoms
Jusepe de Ribera (1591-1652)
•
Showed greater
realism
•
The Blind Old Beggar
–
Dramatic light
–
Details: wrinkles,
creases and rough
beard
Diego Velazquez (1599-1660)
•
Painter for the Spanish royal court
•
Las Meninas
–
Translate to “the maids of honor”
–
Use of mirror reminds viewer of van Eyck
–
Creates an illusion of space