TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Election of 1800 and Jefferson
Election of 1800 and Jefferson
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
•Describe the outcome of the election of 1800.
•Explain Jefferson’s policies as President.
•Discuss the importance of Marbury v. Madison.
Objectives
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Terms and People
•Thomas Jefferson – third President of theUnited States, elected in 1800
•Aaron Burr – Jefferson’s running mate in the1800 election
•laissez faire – the idea that the governmentshould not interfere in the economy
•John Marshall – Chief Justice of the SupremeCourt under President Jefferson
•judicial review – the authority of the SupremeCourt to strike down unconstitutional laws
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
How did Jefferson chart a new coursefor the government?
In 1800, President John Adams ran forreelection against Thomas Jefferson.
Federalists supportedJohn Adams.
Republicanssupported ThomasJefferson.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
By receiving 73 electoral votes, Jeffersondefeated Adams.
Federaliststhreatenedcivil war ifJeffersonwere elected.
Republicansaccused JohnAdams ofwanting tocreate amonarchy.
The election of 1800 was viciously contested.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
To avoid this situation in the future, Congresspassed the Twelfth Amendment.
Twelfth Amendment
From 1804 on, electors wouldvote separately for Presidentand Vice President.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Jefferson was the first President to be inauguratedin Washington, D.C., the new capital.
In his inaugural address, Jefferson urged allAmericans to unite.
Jefferson chose a less aristocratic ceremony.
In the past:
The President rode to theinauguration in a fancy carriage.
People bowed to the President.
At Jefferson’s inauguration:
Jefferson walked to the ceremony.
People did not bow. They shookJefferson’s hand.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Jefferson thought of his election as the“Revolution of 1800.”
His first goal wasto limit the powerof the federalgovernment.
Jefferson vowed to change many of the policies ofGeorge Washington and John Adams.
He believed in theidea of laissezfaire, from theFrench term for“let alone.”
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Jefferson created new Republican policies andkept some existing Federalist policies.
Republican
Federalist
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Jefferson also targeted the Sedition Act, which hehad long opposed.
Many people hadbeen convictedand fined underthe act.
Others had beenimprisoned.
Jefferson ordered thefines refunded.
Jefferson releasedthe prisoners.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
One Federalist who did not keep his job was JudgeWilliam Marbury.
Adams hadappointedMarbury andother judges inhis last hours asPresident.
When Jefferson tookoffice, he orderedSecretary of StateJames Madison not tocomplete Marbury’sappointment.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Jefferson’s decision led to the landmark SupremeCourt case, Marbury v. Madison.
William Marburysued JamesMadison,petitioning theSupreme Courtto intervene onhis behalf.
This act gavethe SupremeCourt thepower toreview any caseinvolving afederal official.
Marbury cited theJudiciary Act of1789.
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The ruling statedthat the Court’spower came fromthe Constitution, notCongress.
In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Courtruled that the Judiciary Act wasunconstitutional.
Therefore, Congress did not have the right to givepower to the Supreme Court in the Judiciary Act.
Supreme Court
Congress
Constitution
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Chief Justice John Marshall used this case toestablish the principle of judicial review.
This gives the SupremeCourt the authority tostrike downunconstitutional laws.
Judicial review remains one of the mostimportant powers of the Supreme Court.
Unconstitutionallaws