Land Use and Management 14-3

Land Management andConservation 14-3

3/08

•Keeping rural landsfree fromurbanization and ingood shape isimportant becauseof theenvironmentalservices theyprovide

Central Valley

Farmland

•US 100 billionhectares of primefarmland

•Much of it was at onetime prairie or forest

•Threats – urbandevelopment anderosion

http://www.landtrustsantacruz.org/images/farmaerial.jpg

Farmland Protection

•1996 FarmlandProtection Program

•Williamson Act –California 1965specifies land asagricultural for lesstaxes

http://www.co.humboldt.ca.us/planning/Williamson%20Act/BARN.JPG

Rangeland

•Includesgrassland,shrublands anddeserts

•Mostcommonly usedfor grazing

http://www.geog.cam.ac.uk/research/projects/mediterraneanecosystem/5.jpg

Threats

•Overgrazing

•Results in erosion

•Changes in theplant community

•Desertification

http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/03/sci_nat_england0s_jewel/img/1.jpg

http://www.waycross.edu/faculty/gcook/ecology/essays/overgrazing.JPG

Conservation

•PublicRangelandsImprovement Act1978

http://www.nativehabitat.org/pictures/capacity2.jpg

Methods

•Kill invasive plants

•Plant Nativespecies

•Manage livestock

•Provide fordispersed wateringfor livestock

•Fence riparian areas

http://www.fws.gov/midwest/WisconsinPartners/images/badaxe2.jpg

Forest Lands

•Provide Woodproducts and paper

•Habitat for manyspecies

•Produce Oxygenand use carbonDioxide

http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/dqc/New%20Images/2nd%20growth.jpg

•Worldwide – 1800cubic centimetersof wood used perday

•In US almost 3.5times that amount

http://www.env.go.jp/en/wpaper/1994/eae230017000001.gif

Classification of Forest Lands

•Virgin forest –never cut

http://www.hotelrooms.com/image/activities/2660SFOMUI2.jpg

•Native Forest –Planted andManaged

http://www.laspilitas.com/comhabit/pictures/California_Coastal_Redwood_forest_4.JPG

•Tree Farms –Land cleared andtrees planted inrows

http://www.kynd.com/~finest/treerows.jpg

Harvesting Methods

•Clear Cutting

•Selective cutting

http://www.frw.ca/albums/Hwy-407/Hwy_407_East_Partial_Construction_clear_cut_and_runoff_at.jpg

http://www.scidev.net/scidev_images/Amazon.jpg

Deforestation

•Forest cleared tomake farmland orto expandurbanization

•Loss of habitatand erosion ofsoil

http://www.blog.thesietch.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/amazon_deforestation.jpg

Amazondeforestation

Reforestation

•Replanting of treesor allowing naturalsuccession to takeplace

http://images.jupiterimages.com/common/detail/44/93/22989344.jpg

Parks and Preserves

•1850Yellowstone –first NationalPark

http://www.legendsofamerica.com/photos-wyoming/YellowstoneMorningGlory.jpg

In United States

•National Parks

•National Forests

•National WildlifeRefuges

•Bureau of LandManagement

•State Parks, Forestsand Preserves

•Private Conservancies

http://pinker.wjh.harvard.edu/photos/american_west/images/Mirror%20Lake%20@%20Yosemite.jpg

Worldwide

•United Nation –Man and theBiosphere Program

•Set up hundreds ofpreservesworldwide –include people

US Wilderness Act 1964

•Ecosystemsprotected from allexploitation

•Benefits – speciesdiversity

•Recreation

•Science

http://www.theodoresworld.net/pics/0107/alaskanparkImage1.jpg