WWII and Cold WarOverview
Unit 6 Test Review
How did the Great Depression Affect theWorld?
OPeople began to distrust Democracy
OLed to rise of totalitarianism (all aspects of society are controlled by thegovernment)
OSoviet Union
OBecame Communist after Russian Revolution
OStalin came to power and worked to strengthen Communist style government
OItaly
OFascism – Glorify state over individual
OMussolini promised to end corruption and upheld government by use of terror
OGermany
OHated Treaty of Versailles and economy was devastated by treaty and thenDepression in US
OHitler founded the Nazi party and promised to better the economic situation
OJapan
OBecame an industrial power after WWI and continued to expand by practicingimperialism
Weaknesses of theLeague of Nations
Four Freedoms Speech
ONever recovered fromAmerica’s refusal to join
ONo standing army
OShort on action.
ORoosevelt argued thatthe US and Britain werenatural allies becausethey both stood for:
OFreedom of speech
OFreedom of worship
OFreedom from want
OFreedom from fear
OPurpose Encouragesupport for Britain
OCreated in 1945 afterWWII to prevent futureconflicts
OA place for countries toresolve problemspeacefully
OAmerica did join
United Nations
Effect of WWII on USEconomy
Lend-Lease Act
OEconomy improvedafter WWII due toincrease in production
OUS declared that itwould lend or leaseweapons to nationsconsidered “vital to thedefense of the US”
Neutrality Act of 1939
OCash & Carry Terms
OAllowed purchase ofarms from US under 2conditions
OMust pay in cash
OMust transportmaterials themselvesto their country
Potsdam Conference
OBig Three (US, USSR,Britain) divide Germanyinto 4 zones ofoccupation.
American Enters WWII
OJapan is practicing imperialism
OU.S. places an embargo on Japan for oil andsteel to stop expansion
OJapan declares war and bombs Pearl Harbor
OAmerica declares war and enters WWII
D-Day Invasion (June 1944)
OTurning point in EuropeanFront
OGerman front broken andthey would never againattack the Allies
Atomic Bomb
OJapanese were warnedto surrender or faceconsequences
OUS dropped AtomicBomb on Hiroshimaand Nagasaki
OClaimed it was thebest way to forcesurrender of Japanwith the least loss oflife
Battle of Midway (June 1942)
OTurning point in Pacific Front
OJapanese attack US, butlose and are no longer ableto mount any offensiveattacks for the remainder ofthe war
Truman Doctrine
Eisenhower Doctrine
ODeclaration of war onspread of Communism
OUS would use force tohelp any Middle Eastnation threatened byCommunism.
Marshall Plan
OProvide financial aid toEuropean countries tohelp rebuild them
OFinancial stability willhelp them fight thethreat of communism
Berlin Airlift
OSoviet Union placedblockade around WestBerlin
OUK and US fly in supplies toWest Berlin
OAirlift is successful, soSoviet Union lifts blockade
Korean War
Khrushchev
OKorea was split at the38th parallel
ONorth – Communist
OSouth – Democratic
ONorth invaded South inorder to reunite into acompletely Communistcountry
OUS ally with SouthKorea
OChina ally with NorthKorea
OStalin’s successor
ONot as suspicious orcruel as Stalin
OWanted to establish a“peaceful co-existence”between Communismand Democracy
Super Powers
OUS and USSR (SovietUnion)
OEmerged after WWII
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
OCouple charged withpassing secretinformation aboutnuclear science toSoviet agents.
OSentenced to death.
NATO and Warsaw Pact
ODefense alliance
OIf one member isattacked, all othermembers are expected torespond
Trace how the US went frompracticing Isolationism afterWWI to emerging as a worldSuper Power during the ColdWar