8 NOV 2013 AGENDA
PLACE DATA ON THE BOARD PLACE DATA ON THE BOARD
HOMEWORK CHECK WORTH 30 PTS.HOMEWORK CHECK WORTH 30 PTS.
COMPLETE DO NOW WITH PARTNER ONCONFUCIAN SAYINGS COMPLETE DO NOW WITH PARTNER ONCONFUCIAN SAYINGS
DISCUSS DO NOWDISCUSS DO NOW
HIT HIGHLIGHTS OF CONFUCIANISM &TAOISMHIT HIGHLIGHTS OF CONFUCIANISM &TAOISM
HW: COMPLETE CHART ON HINDUISMHW: COMPLETE CHART ON HINDUISM
COMPLETE MULTIPLE CHOICE Q: 11 - 25COMPLETE MULTIPLE CHOICE Q: 11 - 25
Confucius
China before Confucius
The “Yellow Emperor”
Xia and Shang Dynasties
2070 B.C. - 1046 B.C.
Zhou Dynasty
1046 B.C. - 256 B.C.
“Spring and Autumn” period
770 B.C. - 476 B.C.
Confucius
zBorn in 551 B.C.
zdied in 479 B.C.
Confucianism
Concerned primarily with restoring socialstability and order
What is the basis of a stable, unified, andenduring social order?
a system of social and ethical philosophy
“only when character is cultivated are ourfamilies regulated; only when families areregulated are states well governed.”
Confucianism
li
rituals, norms, institutions, or mores
the outer, conforming aspect of Confucianism
ren
humaneness, love, kindness, benevolence, orvirtue
the inner, reforming aspect of Confucianism
Li
Rites, ceremonies, proper behavior, andgood manner
performed in good faith, with everyonekeeping to his or her proper role
universal harmony
no need for physical sanctions, laws, orpunishment
Ren
Relationship between "two persons”
extension of filial piety to all humanbeings
each role in the hierarchy of socialrelations had clearly defined duties
reciprocity or mutual responsibility
Five relationships
1.father-child
2.ruler-subject
3.husband-wife
4.elder brother-younger brother
5.friend-friend
Confucianism
Persecuted in Qin Dynasty
221 B.C. - 206 B.C.
promoted by later rulers
Confucianism
reinforced by the civil examinationsystem
“keju”: civil examination
from 605 to 1905
In today’s China
Taoism
The Great Tao flows everywhere.
It may go left or right
All things depend on it for life.
and it does not turn away from them.
It accomplishes its task, but does not claim
credit for it.
It clothes and feeds all things
but does not claim to be master
over them. Tao Te Ching, chapter 30
Lao Tzu and Chuang Tzu
Origins of Taoism
The origins are ancient, dating back to the time of Confucius: 551-479.
Taoism’s beginnings are shrouded in mystery.
It is not certain whether the founder of Taoism, LaoTzu, ever actually existed.
There are accounts, however legendary, about Lao Tzu
Lao Tzu
Born in 604 B.C. E., his name means “old master.”
He was conceived by a shooting star.
When his mother gave birth to him, he was alreadyeighty two years old, a wise man with flowing whitehair.
He worked as a government archivist.
Eventually, he became disinchanted with thecorruption of government.
He left his town after taking three days to write downhis words of wisdom, The Tao Te Ching.
The Tao Te Ching
Authored by Lao Tzu, it is Taoism’s foundational text.
It is 81 short chapters, dating back to the 3rd. century,b.c.e.
It contains many paradoxes and profound teachings onliving in harmony with nature.
Chapter 56 = Echoes of such mystery are heardrepeatedly.
Those who know do not speak; Those who speak do notknow.
Chuang Tzu
Taoism’s second founder seems to have lived from369 to 286 b.c.e.
The Chuang Tzu, his text, is as important as the TaoTe Ching but not as well known.
He is known for his humor, profound lessons andstories.
The central theme of his work is the relativity ofthings: “Who is to say, it asks, exactly what is good,what ought to be done, or even who we are, whenanswers to such questions are so dependent on particularcircumstances?
The Philosophy of Tao
Tao is both the ultimate source and principle of orderin the universe.
Tao has two components, yin and yang.
Taoism regards moral values as relative and avoidsabsolute moral judgments.
Taoism literature says nothing about the afterlife anddepicts death as one of nature’s transformations fromone state to another.
Humans are part of the grand harmony of nature andto live in accord with the Tao is the only way to thrive.
Yin and Yang
Traits of Yin and Yang
Yin
Negative
Passive
Feminine
Earthly
zyang
zPositive
zActive
zMasculine
zHeavenly
Virtues in Taoism
Wu-wei = primary virtue and means “non-action.” Topractice wu-wei is to be so perfectly in harmony withnature that its energy infuses and empowers the individual.
Humility and noncompetition
Naturalness and naturalism
Nonaggression and passive rule / understanding
How could you practice Wu-Wei after schoolor work?
Write this on a card as your ticket out thedoor.