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Session 3Presentation of the analytical work on post primary education
Youth Employment and the World of Work:What Skills Need to be Developed?
Presenters: Hans Krönner, Richard Walther
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education:
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa
2
The Economic and Social Realities
Largely informal economy, enterprisesand jobs
Mostly rural population and activities
High demand for adaptationto an increasingly global market
Strong need for quality, entrepreneurshipand added value
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education:
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa
3
The Economic and Social Realities
Share of the informal economy:between 30% and 60% of GDP
Country
Share of informal sector jobs
South Africa
31% (all sectors)
Angola
66% (urban sector)
Benin
95% (all sectors)
Cameroon
90.4% (all sectors)
Ethiopia
90.8% (all sectors)
Morocco
39% (urban sector)
Senegal
77.5% (Dakar, urban sector)
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education:
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa
4
The Realities of PPE (1)
Many young people unable to go to school
A formal TVET with little resourcesand weak impact
Serious difficulties of social andprofessional integration among the youth
A world of work that shows preferencefor the less trained and less qualified
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education:
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa
5
The Realities of PPE (2)
Training of young people entering into the labor market
•On-the-job training
•Self training
•Traditional apprenticeship
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education:
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa
Formal training(about 5%)
Informal ornon-formal training (95%)Informal ornon-formal training (95%)
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On-going Changes in PPE
Country strategies incorporating formal,non formal and informal training
Strong rise in alternativevocational training mechanisms
Emergence of public-private partnerships
Increasing demand for skills associated with local,sector-wide and rural development
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education:
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa
7
Challenges (1)
Define, design and implement policies, mechanismsand content of training through partnerships
Invest more and better in the trainingof young people as well as of adults
Put in place a national qualifications frameworkto certify skills acquired formally, non-formallyand informally
Make vocational education and trainingmore attractive
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education :
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa
8
Challenges (2)
Foster access and integrationof out-of-school youth, girls and ex-soldiers…
Better training and qualificationfor better integration
Train young people to take initiative, beautonomous and have an entrepreneurial spirit
Train young people in strategicand promising vocations
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education :
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa
9
For a Renovated System of PPE
How to set up a system in a process ofpartnership?
How to embed diverse training avenues ina coherent overall system?
How to link economic effectiveness andsocial equity?
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ADEA’s 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa
Beyond primary education :
Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities in Africa