Fascism

BY: HANNAH SCHILBERG AND OWEN KELTY

FASCISM

WHAT IS FASCISM?

•Fascism- (noun)

•(Dictionary) a political philosophy, movement, or regime (asthat of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race abovethe individual and that stands for a centralized autocraticgovernment headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economicand social regimentation, and forcible suppression ofopposition

•(Self) an idea that basis all of its thoughts on the state andviews it as the highest power

•Latin word - Fasces

•Main Characteristics

•-large and very important military

•-Powerful nationalism

•-important national defense

HOW WAS FASCISM STARTED?

•Ideas and thoughts were gained by philosophers asfar back as the 8th Century (701-800)

•Introduced by Benito Mussolini in 1919

•The ideas had been around for a long time, but Mussoliniput them together to form a “faith.”

•Once in power fascism functioned as a changing collectionof ideas that allowed the leaders to maintain as muchcontrol as possible

HOW WAS FASCISM IN THE PAST?

•Fascism was introduced to the world during WW2 inItaly by Benito Mussolini

•Fascist of Italy and Germany during WW2 were ableto gain power by manipulating the democraticsystems that were in place

Napoleon suffered defeat. Thesame will be with Hitler.

•Fascist states were oftenaggressive anddangerous, though onlylasted a short while

VIEWS ON FASCISM

•Different depending on personal view

U.S. Congressman Sol Bloom

•“Mussolini will be a greatthing not only for Italy butfor all of us if he succeeds.It is his inspiration, hisdetermination, hisconstant toil that hasliterally rejuvenated Italy.”

Novelist Palme Dutte

•“…fascism as anideological and politicalforce adapts itself to theideological and politicalcurrents of the socialcircumstances in which itmanifests. As such, tomerely categorize fascismbased on one incidenceof fascism, to merely citeone manifestation offascism for its cultural andpolitical peculiarities inone’s defining of fascism,is to miss the larger pictureand the larger forces atwork.”

British Intellect GeorgeBernard Shaw

•“Socialists should bedelighted to find at last asocialist (Mussolini) whospeaks and thinks asresponsible rulers do.”

GEORGE ORWELL'S VIEW ON FASCISM

•Groups of people he has seen labeled “Fascists”

•Conservatives

•Socialists

•Comminists

•War Resisters

•War Supporters

•Nationalists

•Believes that there are differences in how Fascismcan be practiced

FASCISM IN RUSSIA

•Putin

•Fascism spreading

•Decline of averagequality of life

•Murders

FASCISM IN OTHER PLACES

•After WW2

•Italy

•Germany

•Instead of being hunted down, fascist organizationsand officials began being recruited by the Westduring the Cold War

•Butchered resistance to American Imperialism

•Provided information on Soviet efforts

•America

•Fascist sprinkle in ideas that form rallies/commotions such asthe attempted bombing of the M. L. K. Jr. parade in 2011.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEENFASCISM AND COMMUNISM?

Fascism

•Has blind submission to authority

•State is the highest type ofgovernment (considered aboveall else)

•No human values exist outsideof the state

•Believe that everything is withinthe State, nothing is above theState, nothing is outside theState, and nothing is against theState

•Think on a National Level

•Has State control (State hascontrol over everything)

Communism

•Has an idea of removing theinequalities among people

•No classes (everything is equal)

•No states

•Became popular after BolshevikRevolution

•The community holds theproduction and major resources

•Think on a global level

•Has State ownership (overseeseverything, can intervene whennecessary, but not as restrictedas Fascism)

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEENFASCISM AND NAZISM?

Fascism

•Believes in corporatism toform and “Organic State”(beginning, simple, original)

•Not racial, no strong opinionof any race

•State is most importantelement

•Based on political ideology

•Tried to demolish the classsystem

•Considered state to be aform of nationalism

Nazism

•Emphasized racism

•Considered “Aryanism” tobe most important (holdssame terms as the state inFascism)

•Based on racial hatred

•Wanted to get rid of theclass system

•Considered state to be as ameans for the advancementof a master race

•“…people who recklessly fling… ‘Fascist’in every direction attach…an emotionalsignificance to it. By ‘Fascism’ theymean…something cruel, unscrupulous,arrogant, obscurantist, anti-liberal andanti-working-class, except for therelatively small number of Fascistsympathizers…Fascism is also a politicaland economic system. Why, then,cannot we have a clear and generallyaccepted definition of it? … it isimpossible to define Fascism satisfactorilywithout making admissions which neitherthe Fascists themselves, nor theConservatives, nor Socialists of anycolour, are willing to make. All one cando for the moment is to use the wordwith a certain amount of circumspectionand not, as is usually done, degrade it tothe level of a swearword.

A QUOTEBYGEORGEORWELL