Listening Effectively
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Hearing vs. Listening
►Hearing – the biological process thatoccurs when the brain detects soundwaves.
►Listening – the process of receiving,attending to, constructing meaningfrom, and responding to spoken ornonverbal messages.*
*International Listening Association, 1996, @http://www.listen.org/ (accessed March 2, 2007).
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Chapter Sections
►Five different types of listening
►Improving your listening skills
►Guidelines for providing aconstructive and ethicalspeech critique
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Chapter Section 1
Five Different Types ofListening
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Types of Listening
►Empathic –to be a sounding board to help a friendsort through feelings.
►Comprehensive –to understand, remember, and recallwhat has been said.
►Critical –to evaluate the worth of a message.
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Types of Listening (cont.)
►Appreciative –to enjoy the thoughts and experiencesof others.
►Discriminative –to understand the speaker’s meaningconveyed beyond the wordsthemselves.
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Chapter Section 2
Improving YourListening Skills
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The Five Steps ofEffective Listening
►Attending,
►Understanding,
►Remembering,
►Evaluating, and
►Responding to the message.
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Discovery Channel / Everett Collection
Attending to theSpeech
Attending - paying attention to whatthe speaker is saying regardless ofextraneous interferences.
●Get physically ready to listen,
●Resist mental distractions while youlisten,
●Suspend judgment while you hear thespeaker out, and
●Identify the benefits of attending to thespeaker’s words.
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Understanding andRemembering
►Understanding – the ability to assignaccurate meaning to what was said.
►Remembering – to be able to retainand recall information we have heard.
►To facilitate understanding andremembering - good listeningtechniques should be employed.
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Five Listening Techniques
►Determine the speaker’sorganization,
►Ask questions,
►Silently paraphrase keyinformation,
►Observe nonverbal cues, and
►Take good notes.
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Evaluating andResponding
►Evaluating - to critically analyze whatis said to determine its truthfulness,utility, and trustworthiness.
►Responding - to provide feedback tothe speaker about what is being said.
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Effective vs. IneffectiveListening
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Chapter Section Three
Guidelines forConstructive Critiques
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Four Guidelines forConstructive Critique
►Communicate specific observations,
►Begin with positive observationsbefore stating constructive criticisms,
►Explain how and why the observedbehavior affected the speech, and
►Using “I” rather than “you” language,so you make it clear you areexpressing your perception and notsome absolute “Truth.”
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Content of Speech
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Structure of Speech
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Delivery of Speech
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Do a ConstructiveCritique
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Websites
►Listening process
►Listener etiquette
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