GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
Keywords:Keywords:
Carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbons, particles, sulfurcompounds, sulfur dioxideCarbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbons, particles, sulfurcompounds, sulfur dioxide
Prior Learning:Prior Learning:
Know what fractional distillation is & how it separatesKnow what fractional distillation is & how it separates
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
Learning Objectives: Identify and explain
• The combustion products formed from fuels.
• That in a combustion reaction, the amount of oxygen available to reactaffects the products produced.
• The pollutants produced when we burn fuels.
I will be successful in this lesson if I can:
• Write word equations for the complete combustion ofhydrocarbons (Lvl C).
• Describe differences between incomplete and completecombustion (Lvl C).
• List pollutants formed when we burn fuels (Lvl C).
• Complete balanced symbol equations for the complete andincomplete combustion of simple alkanes (Lvl A).
• Explain how nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and particulatesare produced during the combustion process (Lvl A).
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
1.Hydrocarbons containonly hydrogen & carbon
2. Fuels can only behydrocarbons
3. A fuel is burned torelease energy
4. Fuel is storedlight energy
5. Combustion is areduction reaction
6. When hydrocarbons burn inplenty of oxygen, carbondioxide & water is made
7. Carbon dioxide can betested with a glowing splint
8. Oxygen can be testedwith limewater
9. Water can be tested withblue cobalt chloride paper
10. Sulfur dioxide can bemade by burningfossil fuels
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
Combustion is the scientific word for burning and is atype of chemical reaction.
Combustion is the reaction when a substance burns andreacts with oxygen to produce heat and light energy.
I know…
I know…
BUT STILL
You shouldhave learntthis in Yr 7
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
When a substance burns,it is said to combust.
A fuel is a substance that reacts with oxygen (combusts) torelease useful energy.
Many fractions obtained from crude oil are used as fuelsbecause they contain hydrocarbons that burn easily andrelease a large amount of useful energy.
Combustion is a rapidreaction between asubstance and oxygenthat releases heat andlight energy.
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
The natural gas, methane, is often burnt for cooking.Methane is made up of carbon and hydrogen.
What gas does methane react with whenit burns?
What substance will the carbon in methanechange into when it burns in oxygen?
What substance will the hydrogen in methanechange into when it burns in oxygen?
What is the word equation for the combustion of methane?
carbondioxide
oxygen
methane
water
What is thechemicalequation?
CH4
2O2
CO2
2H2O
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
Combustion demonstrationCombustion demonstration
How can we demonstratecombustion & theproducts of combustionwith the providedequipment?How can we demonstratecombustion & theproducts of combustionwith the providedequipment?
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
What are the products of thecomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
Plenty of air is needed to provide enough oxygen for ahydrocarbon fuel to burn completely.
oxygen
carbondioxide
hydrocarbon
+
+
water
The blue flame of a gas hobor a Bunsen burner is anexample of completecombustion of a hydrocarbon(in this case, natural gas).
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
If there is a shortage of air (oxygen), incomplete combustion ofhydrocarbons takes place.
Instead of producing just carbondioxide and water, incompletecombustion also producescarbon monoxide and/or carbon(soot). These form tiny particle inthe air (particulates). It alsoreleases less energy thancomplete combustion.
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas because it reduces theability of blood to carry oxygen.
Most fuels contain sulfur compounds. When the fuel burns, thesesulfur compounds produce sulfur dioxide.
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
yellowWith the yellow bunsen flamethe oxygen flow is restricted &incomplete combustionoccurs. Therefore, a lowertemperature is achieved &soot is produced
blueWith the blue bunsen flamethe oxygen flow is in excess &complete combustion occurs.Therefore, combustion is mostefficient under theseconditions, producing hightemperatures & only carbondioxide & water
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
1.What type of chemical is propane?2. How many carbons in its carbon chain? 3. What happens when there is plenty of oxygen? 4. What happens when there is a shortage of oxygen?
DEMONSTRATION: ‘Burning Propane’ C1a 3.3
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
Propane is a hydrocarbon used in camping gas. What is theequation for its combustion?
oxygen
carbondioxide
propane
+
+
water
5O2
3CO2
C3H8
+
+
4H20
How would the equations change if butane was used?
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
3.
1.
Complete these word (symbol) equations
2.
2O2
CH4
oxygen
Wax
water
Petrol
8O2
CH4
H2O
carbondioxide
carbon
4.
CO
C
CO2
Carbondioxide
Oxygen
Water
Carbonmonoxide
CO2
2H2O
6
8
12
2
3
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
In pairs, write a summary sentence about asmany of these words as you can….In pairs, write a summary sentence about asmany of these words as you can….
You will be asked to read out your sentences& copy down the correct onesYou will be asked to read out your sentences& copy down the correct ones
•Combustion•Combustion
•Nitrogen oxide•Nitrogen oxide
•Sulfur dioxide•Sulfur dioxide
•Particulates•Particulates
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
Learning Objectives: Identify and explain
• The combustion products formed from fuels.
• That in a combustion reaction, the amount of oxygen available to reactaffects the products produced.
• The pollutants produced when we burn fuels.
I will be successful in this lesson if I can:
• Write word equations for the complete combustion ofhydrocarbons (Lvl C).
• Describe differences between incomplete and completecombustion (Lvl C).
• List pollutants formed when we burn fuels (Lvl C).
• Complete balanced symbol equations for the complete andincomplete combustion of simple alkanes (Lvl A).
• Explain how nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and particulatesare produced during the combustion process (Lvl A).
GCSE Core Chemistry
Exam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formulaExam tip; You MUST be able to write equations for burning hydrocarbons. You should beable to write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of alkanes, given its formula
